Friday, August 29, 2025

David Matthews - 1976 - Shoogie Wanna Boogie

David Matthews
1976
Shoogie Wanna Boogie



01. Shoogie Wanna Boogie
02. My Girl
03. You Keep Me Hanging On
04. California Dreaming
05. Gotta Be Where You Are
06. Just My Imagination (Running Away With Me)

David Matthews: Arranger, conductor, piano (on "Gotta Be Where You Are"), composer ("Shoogie Wanna Boogie," "Gotta Be Where You Are")
Andy Newmark: Drums
Sue Evans: Percussion
Jeff Berlin: Bass (notably on "California Dreamin'")
Will Lee: Bass (overdubbed on "Gotta Be Where You Are")
Anthony Jackson: Bass
Jerry Friedman: Guitar





Shoogie Wanna Boogie is a 1976 album by keyboardist, pianist, and arranger David Matthews, featuring the ensemble Whirlwind, released on Creed Taylor’s Kudu Records. This album is a vibrant blend of jazz-funk and disco, reflecting the mid-70s trend of fusing jazz with danceable rhythms. With a stellar lineup of musicians and a mix of original tracks and covers, the album showcases Matthews’ arranging prowess but didn’t achieve the commercial success it might have deserved.

The album is a quintessential product of the 1970s jazz-funk and disco crossover, with tight arrangements and a glossy production by Creed Taylor. Rudy Van Gelder’s mastering and mixing ensure a crisp, vibrant sound, recorded at A&R Recording and Mediasound in March and April 1976. The ensemble, featuring heavyweights like Michael Brecker, Jon Faddis, and Anthony Jackson, delivers virtuosic performances, though the album’s commercial appeal was limited, possibly due to its niche blend of genres.

Shoogie Wanna Boogie is described as one of David Matthews’ slickest funk records, with a polished yet engaging sound. Critics and fans appreciate its musicianship and energy, particularly on tracks like “Shoogie Wanna Boogie” and “You Keep Me Hanging On.” However, it didn’t break through commercially, overshadowed by more prominent disco and funk releases of the era. On platforms like Discogs and RateYourMusic, it’s celebrated by niche audiences for its jazz-funk grooves and all-star lineup.

David Richard Matthews (born March 4, 1942) is an American keyboardist, pianist, arranger, conductor, and bandleader known for his work in funk, soul, jazz, and pop. Born in Sonora, Kentucky, Matthews rose to prominence in the 1970s as a key figure in the jazz-funk scene. He became the primary arranger for Creed Taylor’s CTI Records and its Kudu imprint, working on albums for artists like Art Farmer, Urbie Green, Yusef Lateef, Hank Crawford, and Esther Phillips. His arranging style blended sophisticated jazz harmonies with accessible funk and disco rhythms, making him a sought-after collaborator.

Matthews also led his own projects, with Shoogie Wanna Boogie being a notable example. His work on this album highlights his ability to assemble top-tier musicians and craft danceable yet intricate arrangements. Beyond CTI, Matthews has arranged for artists like James Brown and composed for film and television. His versatility and technical skill have earned him a respected place in the jazz and funk communities, though he remains somewhat underrecognized compared to his peers.

Shoogie Wanna Boogie is a gem for jazz-funk and disco enthusiasts, offering a mix of infectious grooves, stellar musicianship, and creative covers. While it didn’t achieve mainstream success, its quality and energy make it a worthwhile listen for fans of the genre. David Matthews’ talent as an arranger and bandleader shines through, cementing his legacy as a key figure in 1970s jazz-funk.


The Kudu record label, established in July 1971 as a subsidiary of Creed Taylor Incorporated (CTI Records), represents a pivotal chapter in the evolution of American jazz during the 1970s, particularly in its fusion with soul, funk, and rhythm-and-blues elements. Founded by the visionary producer Creed Taylor, who had already cemented his reputation through earlier ventures at Impulse! and A&M Records, Kudu was conceived as a platform for more commercially oriented music "indigenous to the black popular music of the United States," emphasizing groove-driven soul jazz over the more intellectually ambitious or politically charged improvisations found on its parent label. The label's name, derived from the long-horned African antelope known for its majestic presence, was chosen partly for its phonetic resemblance to "voodoo," evoking a sense of rhythmic enchantment, while its logo incorporated the vibrant colors of the Jamaican flag to underscore an Afro-centric aesthetic. This branding aligned with Kudu's mission to target Black radio audiences, prioritizing repetitive riffs, solid rhythmic foundations, and accessible melodies that downplayed extended solos in favor of danceable appeal. Operating until approximately 1979, with its core activity ceasing by 1978, Kudu released around 38 to 39 albums, carving out a niche that bridged traditional jazz with emerging popular forms and influencing the broader landscape of crossover music.

The historical trajectory of Kudu began with its launch amid the shifting dynamics of the jazz industry in the early 1970s, a period marked by economic pressures and the rise of fusion genres. Creed Taylor, having achieved independence for CTI in 1970 after a brief stint as an A&M subsidiary, envisioned Kudu as a complementary imprint to explore funkier, more marketable expressions of jazz, drawing from the soul-jazz traditions pioneered by labels like Prestige and Atlantic in prior decades. Unlike contemporaries such as Bob Thiele's Flying Dutchman, which infused productions with overt political messaging, Kudu's output remained apolitical, focusing instead on visceral, groove-oriented tracks that appealed to a wide listenership. The label's early years were bolstered by a 1974 distribution deal with Motown Records, which expanded its reach but ultimately proved contentious; Taylor's decision to reclaim independence in 1977 resulted in the loss of key artist Grover Washington, Jr., and his catalog to Motown, a blow that hastened Kudu's decline. By the late 1970s, as jazz-funk waned in commercial viability amid the disco boom, Kudu's releases tapered off, with its final original album appearing in 1978, though Taylor attempted sporadic revivals in 1983, 1993, and 1996 that failed to recapture the label's initial momentum. Throughout its run, Kudu shared resources with CTI, including arrangers like Bob James and musicians such as Ron Carter, yet distinguished itself through simpler packaging—often single-pocket sleeves with bold typography and artist portraits—contrasting CTI's more elaborate gatefold designs and photographic artistry.

Kudu's significance lies in its role as a conduit for jazz's integration into mainstream popular culture, fostering a hybrid sound that anticipated the smooth jazz movement of the 1980s while providing a commercial counterpoint to CTI's more artistic endeavors. By emphasizing rhythmic propulsion and melodic hooks, the label not only achieved chart success but also expanded jazz's audience beyond traditional enthusiasts, particularly among urban Black listeners tuned to soul and funk radio. This approach democratized jazz, making it more accessible without sacrificing musical integrity, and highlighted the talents of artists who might otherwise have been confined to niche markets. Moreover, Kudu's output reflected broader cultural shifts in the post-civil rights era, subtly affirming Black musical heritage through its roster and stylistic choices, even as it avoided explicit activism. The label's legacy endures through its influence on subsequent genres, including hip-hop, where its tracks have been extensively sampled, and through ongoing reissues by entities like Sony Music Entertainment, Motown's MoJazz imprint, and Japanese series such as "I Love Kudu," which have kept its catalog alive for new generations. Critically, while Kudu's music was sometimes dismissed as lightweight compared to purist jazz, its commercial triumphs and innovative fusions have earned retrospective acclaim, positioning it as a key artifact in the history of jazz's commercialization and cross-pollination with soul and funk.

Among Kudu's most important releases, Johnny Hammond's Breakout (1971, KU-01) stands as the label's inaugural offering, setting a template with its energetic organ-driven soul jazz, blending originals and covers to establish the imprint's commercial groove focus and featuring contributions from emerging talents like Grover Washington, Jr. Lonnie Smith's Mama Wailer (1971, KU-02) followed, distinguished by its epic 17-minute rendition of Sly Stone's "Stand!" alongside interpretations of pop hits like Carole King's "I Feel the Earth Move," showcasing Smith's Hammond B-3 prowess and the label's knack for extended, immersive tracks that balanced improvisation with accessibility, bolstered by sidemen including Ron Carter and Billy Cobham. Grover Washington, Jr.'s Inner City Blues (1971, KU-03), born from a serendipitous studio substitution, marked his solo debut and propelled him to stardom with its soulful saxophone interpretations of Marvin Gaye's title track and other contemporary tunes, exemplifying Kudu's ability to transform session musicians into headliners and achieving significant airplay on Black radio. Esther Phillips' From a Whisper to a Scream (1972, KU-05) highlighted her versatile vocal range across bluesy ballads and funky grooves, earning Grammy nominations and underscoring Kudu's success in reviving careers through eclectic repertoire. Hank Crawford's Help Me Make It Through the Night (1972, KU-06) demonstrated the alto saxophonist's emotive style on country-soul crossovers, arranged with Taylor's signature polish to appeal to diverse audiences. Idris Muhammad's Power of Soul (1974, KU-17) emerged as a jazz-funk cornerstone, its hypnotic rhythms and Bob James arrangements making it a sampling staple in hip-hop, reflecting Kudu's forward-looking fusion that resonated beyond its era. Grover Washington, Jr.'s Mister Magic (1975, KU-20) represented the label's commercial zenith, topping jazz charts with its infectious title track and smooth saxophone lines, solidifying Washington's crossover appeal and Kudu's role in popularizing instrumental funk. Similarly, his Feels So Good (1975, KU-24) continued this trajectory with chart-dominating tracks like the title cut, emphasizing melodic hooks and rhythmic drive that defined the label's peak output. Esther Phillips' What a Diff'rence a Day Makes (1975, KU-23) achieved Billboard success with its disco-inflected title single, illustrating Kudu's adaptability to mid-1970s trends while preserving jazz roots. Finally, Grant Green's The Main Attraction (1976, KU-29), the guitarist's last as a leader, captured his bluesy finesse in a funk context, serving as a poignant capstone to Kudu's catalog and highlighting its commitment to veteran artists amid evolving musical landscapes. These releases, through their innovative blends and broad appeal, not only drove Kudu's success but also cemented its enduring contributions to American music history.

The Ensemble Al-Salaam - 1974 - The Sojourner

The Ensemble Al-Salaam
1974
The Sojourner




01. Music Is Nothing But A Prayer 7:58
02. Ecstacy 3:08
03. The Sojourner 5:15
04. Circles 2:18
05. Traces Of Trane 3:26
06. Vibration Love Call 4:49
07. Malika 6:55
08. Optimystical 3:28
09. Peace 8:08

Agogô, Bells, Tambourine, Maracas, Claves, Wind Chimes, Vocals, Percussion – Fred Kwaku Crawley
Saxophone, Flute – Khaliq Abdul Al Rouf
Bass , Vocals – Leroy Seals
Drums – Andrei Strobert
Electric Guitar – Mashujaa Aliye Salamu
Piano [Acoustic], Electric Piano, Vocals – Bevin Turnbull
Vocals – Beatrice Parker

Recorded May 25, 1974 at Minot Studios, White Plains, N.Y.






The Sojourner, released in 1974 by The Ensemble Al-Salaam on the Strata-East label, stands as a seminal work within the spiritual jazz movement of the 1970s. Recorded on May 25, 1974, at Minot Studios in White Plains, New York, this album encapsulates the era's quest for musical and spiritual liberation, blending elements of jazz, funk, soul, and African diasporic influences. With its soaring vocals, intricate instrumentation, and profound thematic depth, The Sojourner is both a musical artifact and a cultural statement, reflecting the socio-political and spiritual currents of its time. This review provides an in-depth scholarly analysis of the album, exploring its historical context, musical structure, thematic content, and lasting impact, drawing on available sources and critical perspectives.

The early 1970s was a transformative period for African American music, particularly within the jazz idiom. The civil rights movement, Black Power ideology, and a growing interest in African heritage profoundly shaped the artistic output of the era. Strata-East Records, founded in 1971 by Charles Tolliver and Stanley Cowell, emerged as a vital platform for independent Black artists seeking creative control and freedom from commercial constraints. The label became synonymous with spiritual jazz, a genre that fused modal and avant-garde jazz with soulful grooves, African rhythms, and lyrical themes of transcendence and resistance.

The Ensemble Al-Salaam, led by figures such as Khaliq Abdul Al-Rouf (saxophones and flutes) and Fred Kwaku Crawley (percussion and vocals), embodied this ethos. The group's name, meaning "The Peace" in Arabic, reflects its alignment with Islamic and African spiritual traditions, which were prevalent among Black artists during this period. The Sojourner was recorded at a time when musicians like John Coltrane, Pharoah Sanders, and Alice Coltrane were pushing jazz into new spiritual and cosmic territories, influencing ensembles like Al-Salaam to explore similar themes of inner peace, universal love, and cultural reclamation.

The album's rarity—due to Strata-East's limited distribution and independent status—has contributed to its cult status, with original vinyl copies fetching high prices among collectors. Its reissues by P-Vine Records, particularly the 2020 and 2022 editions, have brought renewed attention to its significance, underscoring its enduring appeal within jazz and hip-hop communities, the latter due to samples like the track "Optimystical" used by Detroit producer Andres.

The Sojourner comprises nine tracks, totaling 45 minutes and 25 seconds, as noted in its tracklist: "Music Is Nothing But a Prayer" (7:58), "Ecstacy" (3:08), "The Sojourner" (5:15), "Circles" (2:18), "Traces of Trane" (3:26), "Vibration Love Call" (4:49), "Malika" (6:55), "Optimystical" (3:28), and "Peace (Salaam)" (8:08). The album is characterized by its seamless integration of modal jazz, free jazz, and spiritual vocal elements, creating a sound that is both meditative and dynamic.

This instrumentation allows for a rich sonic palette, blending traditional jazz elements with African and Latin percussion, electric guitar textures, and soulful vocals. The recording, engineered by Ron Carran at Minot Studios and mastered at Generation Sound Studios, achieves a warm, organic sound that enhances the album's spiritual ambiance.

Music Is Nothing But a Prayer (7:58): The album's opener sets a meditative tone with gentle piano arpeggios, warm flute improvisations, and spacy guitar lines. Beatrice Parker's haunting vocals soar over a repeating bass riff, creating an ethereal atmosphere. The track's avant-jazz structure, with blaring saxophone improvisations, establishes the album's spiritual intent, framing music as a form of prayer and transcendence.

Ecstacy (3:08): A shorter, upbeat track, "Ecstacy" introduces a funkier groove, with tight interplay between the rhythm section and Parker's expressive vocals. Its brevity contrasts with the album's longer, more contemplative pieces, offering a burst of energy.

The Sojourner (5:15): The title track is a modal jazz exploration, with intricate saxophone lines and a driving rhythm section. Its title evokes themes of journey and searching, resonating with the spiritual quest central to the album.

Circles (2:18): One of the shortest tracks, "Circles" features cyclical rhythmic patterns and minimalistic vocals, reinforcing themes of continuity and interconnectedness.

Traces of Trane (3:26): A tribute to John Coltrane, this track channels his late-career intensity with sheets of sound-esque saxophone solos and breakneck rhythms. The title explicitly acknowledges Coltrane's influence on the ensemble's sound and philosophy.

Vibration Love Call (4:49): This track blends percussive intensity with vocal harmonies, creating a communal, almost ritualistic feel. Its title suggests a call to universal love and spiritual connection.

Malika (6:55): Inspired by African naming traditions, "Malika" (meaning "queen" in Arabic) features extended improvisations and a hypnotic groove, with Parker's vocals adding a regal, soulful quality. The track's length allows for deep exploration of its modal structure.

Optimystical (3:28): A standout for its hip-hop sampling legacy, "Optimystical" combines a catchy bassline with vibrant percussion and vocals. Its optimistic tone and accessible groove make it a highlight, later sampled by Andres in "1st Movement."

Peace (Salaam) (8:08): The closing track is a masterpiece of spiritual jazz, with soft harmonies, a beautiful melody, and Parker's emotive vocals. Its warm, enveloping tone offers a sense of resolution and tranquility, embodying the album's overarching message of peace.

The Sojourner is firmly rooted in spiritual jazz, characterized by modal structures, extended improvisations, and a focus on emotional and philosophical depth. The influence of John Coltrane is evident in tracks like "Traces of Trane" and "Malika," which echo his late-period explorations of free jazz and Eastern spirituality. The album also draws comparisons to artists like Dee Dee Bridgewater and Doug and Jean Carn, with its blend of soulful vocals and jazz grooves. The use of African and Latin percussion, alongside electric instruments, situates the album within the broader jazz-fusion movement, while its vocal emphasis—particularly Parker's soaring delivery—sets it apart from purely instrumental works.

The Sojourner is imbued with themes of spirituality, community, and cultural identity. The album's title suggests a journey, both physical and metaphysical, reflecting the African diaspora's search for roots and meaning. Tracks like "Music Is Nothing But a Prayer" and "Peace (Salaam)" explicitly frame music as a spiritual practice, a means of connecting with the divine and fostering communal harmony. The use of Arabic terms like "Salaam" and "Malika" underscores the ensemble's engagement with Islamic and African cultural heritage, aligning with the Black Arts Movement's emphasis on reclaiming African identity.

Beatrice Parker's vocals are central to the album's thematic impact. Described as "wild, careening, soulful," her performances evoke comparisons to Flora Purim's work on Butterfly Dreams, though with less electronic embellishment. Her contributions add an emotional intensity that complements the instrumentalists' explorations, making the album accessible yet profound. Reviewers have noted that the vocals enhance the album's nourishing quality, likening its effect to "eating greens" for its life-affirming energy.

The album also engages with the socio-political context of the 1970s. Strata-East's independent ethos allowed artists like The Ensemble Al-Salaam to express their spirituality and cultural pride without commercial compromise, a form of resistance against mainstream music industry norms. Tracks like "Vibration Love Call" and "Optimystical" convey messages of love and optimism, subtly countering the systemic challenges faced by Black communities.

The Sojourner is widely regarded as one of Strata-East's most sought-after releases, with an average rating of 4.27/5 on Discogs based on 11 reviews. Its rarity has contributed to its mystique, with original pressings commanding high prices (e.g., $300–$314.69 in 2023). Critics and collectors praise its blend of spiritual depth and musical innovation, with reviewers on Rate Your Music ranking it #603 among 1974 albums.

The album's influence extends beyond jazz into hip-hop, with "Optimystical" sampled by Andres, highlighting its relevance to modern music production. Its reissues by P-Vine, particularly the 2020 and 2022 vinyl pressings with updated obi-strips, have made it more accessible, with previous pressings selling out quickly. Comparisons to other Strata-East classics like A Spirit Speaks and Alkebu-Lan: Land of the Blacks underscore its place within the label's canon of spiritually resonant works.

However, some critiques note that the heavy vocal emphasis might distract from the instrumental virtuosity, though others argue it enhances the album's unique character. The balance of accessibility and avant-garde experimentation makes The Sojourner a bridge between niche jazz audiences and broader listeners seeking soulful, meaningful music.

The Sojourner by The Ensemble Al-Salaam is a landmark of spiritual jazz, encapsulating the genre's blend of musical innovation, cultural pride, and spiritual exploration. Its rich instrumentation, led by Khaliq Abdul Al-Rouf's versatile reeds and Beatrice Parker's emotive vocals, creates a soundscape that is both transcendent and grounded. The album's themes of peace, journey, and cultural reclamation resonate with the socio-political currents of the 1970s, while its rarity and subsequent reissues have cemented its status as a collector's gem and a touchstone for modern artists.

For scholars and enthusiasts, The Sojourner offers a window into the spiritual jazz movement's ethos and the independent spirit of Strata-East Records. Its enduring appeal lies in its ability to nourish the listener, as one reviewer aptly noted, "like eating greens." As a testament to the power of music as prayer, community, and resistance, The Sojourner remains a vital contribution to the jazz canon and a beacon of artistic and spiritual integrity.

Thursday, August 28, 2025

The Descendants of Mike and Phoebe - 1973 - A Spirit Speaks

The Descendants of Mike and Phoebe
1973
A Spirit Speaks




Two Songs For A Boy Named Mark
01.a Little Bitty Baby
01.b Soliloquy To A Man-Child
-
02. Coltrane
03. Chick Chick
04. Well Done, Weldon
05. A Spirit Speaks
06. Attica
07. Take My Hand, Precious Lord
08. Boll Weevil
09. Don't Be A Stranger
10. Too Little, Too Late

Bass [String] – Bill Lee (2)
Engineer – Ron Carran
Flugelhorn – Clif Lee
Liner Notes – Howard A. Sims
Percussion – Billy Higgins (tracks: 4, 5, 6), Sonny Brown (tracks: 1 to 8, 10)
Piano – Consuela Lee Moorehead
Vocals – A. Grace Lee Mims (tracks: 1, 5 to 7, 10)




The Descendants of Mike and Phoebe, a short-lived musical enseble from the early 1970s, was a family project led by jazz bassist and composer Bill Lee, born in 1928 in Snow Hill, Alabama. Lee, later known as Spike Lee’s father, came from a musical lineage—his father, Arnold Wadsworth Lee, was a cornet player and band director at Florida A&M University, and his mother, Alberta Grace Edwards, was a concert pianist. The group’s name honored their enslaved ancestors, Mike and Phoebe, from a Snow Hill plantation, a theme central to their work, blending personal history with African American resilience and spirituality. Lee, a seasoned jazz musician who later scored films like She’s Gotta Have It and Do the Right Thing, was deeply involved with Strata-East Records, a Black-owned label founded in 1971 by Charles Tolliver and Stanley Cowell. Known for its artist-driven spiritual jazz, Strata-East was a hub for socially conscious music during the civil rights era. Lee recorded three albums for the label, with A Spirit Speaks (1974, recorded in 1973) being the first, cut over three days at Minot Studios in White Plains, New York, with Lee producing and Ron Carran engineering.

Emerging during the spiritual jazz movement alongside artists like John Coltrane and Pharoah Sanders, A Spirit Speaks fused jazz, gospel, soul, and blues into a narrative folk-jazz opera. Recorded with family members—Consuela Lee Moorehead on piano, Cliff Lee on flugelhorn, A. Grace Lee Mims on soprano vocals, and guest percussionists Billy Higgins and Sonny Brown—the album was a tribute to ancestral roots. Its rarity, due to Strata-East’s limited distribution, made it a collector’s item, with original vinyls fetching high prices until reissues by Pure Pleasure Records in 2022 and Mack Avenue Music Group in 2025 revived its accessibility.

The album opens with “Two Songs for a Boy Named Mark,” a medley blending the tender, gospel-infused “Little Bitty Baby” with the introspective “Soliloquy to a Man-Child,” setting a familial tone. “Coltrane,” a tribute to the jazz titan, features Cliff Lee’s flugelhorn in a questing, spiritual mode, later covered by Clifford Jordan. “Chick Chick” brings chaotic joy, with skittering rhythms and percussive energy from Higgins and Brown, tempered by Moorehead’s precise piano. “Well Done, Weldon” and the title track “A Spirit Speaks” dive into hypnotic modal jazz, evoking ancestral voices, while “Attica” references the 1971 prison uprising with brooding bass and percussion. The gospel standards “Take My Hand, Precious Lord” and “Boll Weevil” are reimagined—the former as a soulful plea, the latter as lively, careening gospel. “Don’t Be a Stranger,” a piano-led ballad, offers intimate beauty, and “Too Little, Too Late,” with Bill Lee’s rare vocals, closes on a poignant note.

Critically, A Spirit Speaks is celebrated as a spiritual jazz masterpiece, praised for its ensemble interplay and adventurous vitality, earning ratings around 4.57/5. A. Grace Lee Mims’ operatic soprano vocals, however, polarize listeners—some find them enchanting, others overpowering. The album’s raw, live-in-studio feel and lack of overdubs emphasize its authenticity. More than music, it’s a cultural artifact, weaving family lore with themes of freedom and struggle, its reissues ensuring its voice endures for new audiences.

Sons And Daughters Of Lite - 1978 - Let The Sun Shine In

Sons And Daughters Of Lite
1978 
Let The Sun Shine In




01. Let The Sun Shine In 8:21
02. Fly Away 5:26
03. Operation Feed Yourself 5:26
04. A Real Thing 6:59
05. Ju Ju's Door 4:34
06. Darkuman Junktion 5:46

Backing Vocals – Jeanne Cuffey, Kalamu Chaché
Backing Vocals – Jdlinkomo, Marty Payne
Drums – Snip Milton Jr.
Vocals – Basuki Bala
Vocals – Jdlinkomo
Bass – Marc Smith 
Tenor Saxophone – Paul Fenner III
Vocals – Jeanne Cuffey
Bass, Trombone – Michael Oliver Warren
Bongos, Congas, Percussion – Babatunde Olatunji
Drums – Terry Lawyer
Electric Piano, Percussion, Piano, Synthesizer, Vibraphone – Jdlinkomo
Flugelhorn, Trumpet – Marty Payne
Flute, Leader, Percussion, Alto Saxophone, Baritone Saxophone, Soprano Saxophone – Basuki Bala
Vocals – Lakiba




Sons and Daughters of Lite were a spiritual jazz collective hailing from the Bay Area, specifically Oakland, California, active during the early 1970s. Formed as a multifaceted ensemble blending elements of soul, funk, jazz, and African percussion, the group described themselves as a fusion of musical influences rooted in Black cultural and revolutionary movements of the era. Led by saxophonist Basuki Bala, the band included a rotating cast of talented musicians such as Joaquin Jessup on guitar, Babatunde Michael Lea on percussion, Arnaldo Escobel on bass, John Santos on percussion, Frederick Tiffin on trumpet, Olemide Manns on bass, Hershell West on tenor saxophone, Robert Conway on piano, and Carmen Davis on vocals. Their music often carried themes of optimism, self-empowerment, and community upliftment, echoing the socio-political climate of the time, including inspirations from the Black Panther Party's community initiatives.

Let the Sun Shine In, their sole studio album, was recorded in the early 1970s during the band's peak performance period in the Bay Area but wasn't released until 1978 on their self-founded label, Sunlite Record Publishing Company. This self-released LP (catalog no. SL 001) remained obscure for decades, virtually unknown outside local circles until its rediscovery in the late 1980s by collector Michael McFadin. It gained cult status through reissues, notably by Luv N' Haight in 1999 (on CD and vinyl), P-Vine Records in 2015 (limited edition CD), and a 2022 180g vinyl repress with tip-on jacket and obi strip. The album clocks in at approximately 36:20 and is classified under genres like Soul Jazz and Jazz-Funk, with descriptors including spiritual, groovy, and percussive. On platforms like Discogs, it boasts an average rating of 4.48/5 from 141 users, while RateYourMusic lists it with a 3.64/5 average from 62 ratings, praising its energetic fusion and rarity. Critics and fans alike hail it as a gem of underground spiritual jazz, comparable to works by Sun Ra for its intergalactic orchestration, Fela Kuti for its afro-funk rhythms, and Roy Ayers for its soulful sweetness. The title track, in particular, became a jazz-dance classic in the UK, thanks to heavy play by DJ Gilles Peterson.

The album's scarcity and raw, unpolished production contribute to its allure—it's a snapshot of a vibrant, community-driven scene that prioritized live energy over commercial polish. Reissues have included liner notes with clippings from Black Panther newspapers, underscoring its revolutionary undertones. While not a mainstream success upon release, its rediscovery has positioned it as essential listening for collectors of the Luv N' Haight series, blending heavy percussion with uplifting lyrics that provide "soulful healing."

Track-by-Track Analysis

The album features six tracks, all originals, showcasing the band's collective improvisation and precision. Here's a breakdown based on critical descriptions, musical elements, and thematic content:


Let the Sun Shine In (8:21)
The opener and title track is an outrageously funky standout, blending soulful vocals with driving percussion and jazz horns. It sets a tone of optimism and liberation, with lyrics urging listeners to embrace positivity amid struggle. Critics note its jazz-dance appeal, with infectious grooves that evoke Roy Ayers' vibraphone-led sweetness but amplified by African rhythms. This track's extended length allows for improvisational solos, particularly on saxophone and guitar, making it a highlight for its energy and club playability.

Fly Away (5:26)
A mid-tempo soul-jazz piece with ethereal flute and percussion, this track explores themes of escape and transcendence. The vocals, led by Carmen Davis, deliver a haunting quality, supported by tight ensemble work. It's less frenetic than the opener but builds emotional depth through layered horns and a subtle funk bassline, drawing comparisons to Sun Ra's cosmic explorations.

Operation Feed Yourself (5:26)
This track shifts into afro-funk territory, with heavy percussion and call-and-response vocals promoting self-reliance—a nod to Ghanaian independence slogans and Black empowerment movements. The rhythm section shines here, with Babatunde Michael Lea's congas driving the groove. Lyrics convey "phenomenal vocal pride" and optimism, making it a revolutionary anthem disguised as danceable jazz. It's one of the album's more urgent pieces, reflecting Fela Kuti's influence in its polyrhythms and social commentary.

A Real Thing (6:59)
The longest non-title track, this is a deep, introspective funk-jazz fusion with prominent bass and guitar interplay. Themes of authenticity and connection emerge through soulful improvisation, allowing space for solos that highlight the band's technical prowess. It's groovy and spiritual, with a build-up that rewards repeated listens, embodying the album's blend of precision and freedom.

Ju Ju's Door (4:34)
A shorter, more intense cut emphasizing collective precision, this track features intricate percussion and horn arrangements that evoke ritualistic "ju ju" magic from West African traditions. The energy is high, with fast-paced rhythms and minimal vocals, focusing on instrumental dialogue. Critics praise its sense of urgency and tightness, likening it to the band's live performances in Bay Area venues.

Darkuman Junktion (5:46)
Closing the album on a percussive high, this track references Darkuman, a neighborhood in Accra, Ghana, tying into the band's African influences. It's a funky, groove-heavy finale with strong bass and saxophone leads, maintaining the spiritual vibe while delivering a sense of communal celebration. The precision here is remarkable, wrapping up the record with revolutionary fervor.

Critical Reception and Legacy
Upon its 1999 reissue, Let the Sun Shine In received glowing retrospectives. Exclaim! described it as "a gem in classic soul-jazz recordings," highlighting the band's "incredible sense of collective precision" and its inspirational role in revolutionary contexts, such as providing "soulful healing" for activists. Amazon user reviews call it "beautiful to listen to" and predict its classic status. Bandcamp notes its packing of "soul, funk, and heavy percussion," appealing to fans of rare groove compilations. On RateYourMusic, users commend its spiritual depth and jazz-funk energy, with descriptors like "uplifting" and "percussive."

The album's legacy lies in its rarity and authenticity—it's not overproduced, capturing the raw essence of 1970s underground jazz scenes. While it may not appeal to casual listeners due to its niche spiritual focus, it's essential for enthusiasts of artists like Pharoah Sanders or Alice Coltrane. Reissues have kept it accessible, with vinyl pressings often fetching high prices among collectors. Overall, Let the Sun Shine In stands as a testament to communal creativity, blending joy and activism in a way that's timelessly vibrant. If you're into spiritual jazz with a funk edge, this is a must-hear—beautiful, loose, and profoundly uplifting.

Tuesday, August 26, 2025

Mandingo Featuring Foday Musa Suso - 1984 - Watto Sitta

Mandingo Featuring Foday Musa Suso
1984
Watto Sitta



01. Harima
02. Muso 
03. Natural Dancer 
04. Kansala 
05. Dewgal
06. Don't Worry

Backing Vocals – Isatou Walker, Nora Harris, Robin Robinson
Bass – Joe Thomas
Congas, Shekere, Bongos, Bells – Adam Rudolph
Drum Programming [DMX] – Bill Laswell, Foday Musa Suso
Drum  – Reymond Sillah
Drums – Hamid Drake
Guitar – Abdul Hakeen
Kora, Kalimba, Talking Drum, Lead Vocals – Foday Musa Suso
Percussion -  Talking Drum – Aiyb Dieng
Herbie Hancock - Keyboards

Producer – Bill Laswell, Foday Musa Suso



Released in 1984 on Celluloid Records, Watto Sitta by Mandingo, led by Gambian kora virtuoso Foday Musa Suso, stands as a landmark album in the evolution of African fusion music. Produced by Bill Laswell and featuring contributions from jazz legend Herbie Hancock, the album is a bold experiment that blends traditional Mande music with modern electronic and funk elements. This longform review explores the album’s historical context, musical composition, cultural significance, and enduring legacy, drawing on its innovative sound and the seamless integration of disparate musical worlds.
n the early 1980s, African music was gaining traction in Western markets, spurred by artists like King Sunny Adé and Fela Kuti, who introduced global audiences to Afrobeat and other African genres. Foday Musa Suso, a griot (a West African oral historian and musician) from The Gambia, had already made waves in the U.S. with his Mandingo Griot Society albums, which fused traditional Mande music with jazz and funk. After the dissolution of the Mandingo Griot Society, Suso reunited with percussionists Adam Rudolph and Hamid Drake in 1984 to form Mandingo and create Watto Sitta, an album that pushed boundaries further by incorporating electronic instrumentation and production techniques.

Produced by Bill Laswell, a prolific figure known for his genre-defying work with artists like Herbie Hancock and Material, Watto Sitta emerged at a time when synthesizers and drum machines were reshaping popular music. Laswell’s involvement ensured a polished, forward-thinking production that bridged the organic sounds of the kora and talking drums with the synthetic textures of the Yamaha DX7 and DMX drum programming. The album also benefited from the contributions of Herbie Hancock, whose synthesizer work on tracks like “Harima” and “Dewgal” added a layer of jazz-funk sophistication.

Watto Sitta comprises six tracks, each showcasing a unique blend of traditional Mande instrumentation and modern production. The album’s sound is anchored by Suso’s masterful kora playing, complemented by a diverse ensemble including Abdul Hakeen (guitar), Joe Thomas (bass), Hamid Drake (drums), Adam Rudolph (percussion), and Aiyb Dieng (talking drum), with backing vocals by Isatou Walker, Nora Harris, and Robin Robinson. The tracklist is as follows: “Harima,” “Muso,” “Natural Dancer,” “Kansala,” “Dewgal,” and “Don’t Worry.”

1. Harima (6:05)
The opening track, “Harima,” sets the tone with a vibrant fusion of kora melodies and Herbie Hancock’s Yamaha DX7 synthesizer. The interplay between Suso’s intricate kora lines and Hancock’s jazzy, electronic flourishes creates a dynamic soundscape that feels both rooted in Mande tradition and uturistic. The track’s rhythm, driven by Hamid Drake’s drums and Adam Rudolph’s eclectic percussion (including Moroccan bongos and Frafra bells), pulses with energy, while Suso’s lead vocals add a soulful, narrative quality. “Harima” exemplifies the album’s ability to balance cultural authenticity with experimental flair.

2. Muso (6:23)
Named after Foday Musa Suso himself, “Muso” is a hypnotic exploration of rhythm and melody. The kora takes center stage, weaving cascading patterns over a steady groove laid down by Joe Thomas’s bass and Reymond Sillah’s dundungo drum. The absence of synthesizers on this track allows the traditional elements to shine, with Suso’s vocals delivering a griot-like storytelling quality. The track feels like a nod to Suso’s heritage, grounding the album in the oral traditions of the Mandinka people.

3. Natural Dancer (6:17)
“Natural Dancer” is a rhythmic tour de force, blending talking drums, shekere, and congas with Abdul Hakeen’s subtle guitar work. The track’s infectious groove invites movement, reflecting the communal dance traditions of West Africa. Suso’s kora provides a melodic counterpoint, while the layered percussion creates a rich, polyrhythmic texture. The production here is particularly crisp, with Laswell’s influence evident in the clarity of each instrument.

4. Kansala (5:57)
“Kansala” is a reflective piece, named after a historical Mandinka kingdom. The track features a slower tempo, allowing Suso’s kora to take on a meditative quality. The interplay between the kora and Adam Rudolph’s gnouan clappers and turtle shell percussion creates a sense of space and introspection. The backing vocals add a haunting, choral element, evoking the collective spirit of Mande music. This track showcases the album’s ability to convey emotional depth alongside its more upbeat moments.

5. Dewgal (6:18)
Another collaboration with Herbie Hancock, “Dewgal” blends the kora’s crystalline tones with the DX7’s synthetic textures. The track feels like a dialogue between tradition and modernity, with Hancock’s synthesizer adding a futuristic edge to Suso’s traditional melodies. The rhythm section, anchored by Hamid Drake and Aiyb Dieng’s talking drum, maintains a driving pulse, while Suso’s vocals soar with a sense of yearning. “Dewgal” is a standout for its seamless integration of electronic and acoustic elements.

6. Don’t Worry (5:24)
The closing track, “Don’t Worry,” features Manu Washington on djembe, adding a powerful rhythmic foundation. The track is upbeat and optimistic, with Suso’s kora and vocals exuding warmth and reassurance. The backing vocals by Isatou Walker, Nora Harris, and Robin Robinson add a gospel-like quality, while the percussion-heavy arrangement keeps the energy high. The track serves as a fitting conclusion, leaving listeners with a sense of joy and unity.

Bill Laswell’s production is a defining feature of Watto Sitta. Recorded at Evergreen Studio in New York City and Studiomedia in Evanston, Illinois, and mixed by Dave Jerden at El Dorado in Los Angeles, the album achieves a polished yet organic sound. Laswell’s use of DMX drum programming alongside traditional instruments like the kora and talking drum was groundbreaking, creating a hybrid sound that was ahead of its time. The mastering by Howie Weinberg at Masterdisk further enhances the album’s clarity and depth.

Herbie Hancock’s contributions on the Yamaha DX7 synthesizer are particularly noteworthy. At a time when synthesizers were often used to create cold, mechanical sounds, Hancock’s playing on “Harima” and “Dewgal” is warm and expressive, complementing Suso’s kora without overshadowing it. This collaboration, born out of Suso’s earlier work with Hancock on the Village Life album, adds a layer of credibility and innovation to Watto Sitta.

Watto Sitta is a milestone in modern African music, as noted by BABE (B)LOGUE, for its “effortless equilibrium of natural and synthesised tunes.” The album represents a bridge between the griot traditions of West Africa and the global music scene of the 1980s. Suso’s role as a griot is central to the album’s identity, as his compositions draw on the storytelling and musical heritage of the Mandinka people. By incorporating electronic elements, Suso and Laswell expanded the possibilities of Mande music, making it accessible to a broader audience while preserving its cultural roots.

The album also reflects the growing interest in world music during the 1980s, a period when artists and producers were increasingly experimenting with cross-cultural collaborations. Watto Sitta stands alongside works like Paul Simon’s Graceland (released two years later) as an example of how African music could be reimagined for a global audience without losing its essence.

Contemporary reviews of Watto Sitta were mixed, reflecting the challenge of categorizing such an innovative album. Music critic Robert Christgau noted that Suso’s earlier work with the Mandingo Griot Society “went right past” him, suggesting that Watto Sitta’s fusion of styles might have been too unconventional for some listeners at the time. However, the album has since been recognized as a pioneering work in the African fusion genre. Rate Your Music classifies it as Mande Music, highlighting its roots in West African tradition, while also noting its electronic and funk influences.

Modern listeners have praised Watto Sitta for its forward-thinking production and timeless appeal. The album’s availability on platforms like Spotify and Apple Music, as well as its reissue on CD in 1987 and 1995, has helped it reach new audiences. Its inclusion in Bill Laswell’s Bandcamp catalog, remastered by James Dellatacoma in 2017, further underscores its enduring relevance.

Watto Sitta remains a touchstone for artists and producers exploring the intersection of traditional and modern music. Its influence can be heard in the work of later African fusion artists like Toumani Diabaté and Salif Keita, who similarly blended traditional instruments with contemporary production. The album’s use of electronic instrumentation also prefigured the rise of worldbeat and electronic music genres in the 1990s and beyond.

Today Musa Suso’s collaboration with Herbie Hancock on Watto Sitta marked a high point in his career, cementing his reputation as a visionary artist capable of bridging cultural divides. The album’s success also highlighted the potential for griot traditions to resonate in a global context, paving the way for other West African musicians to gain international recognition.

Watto Sitta is a masterful blend of tradition and innovation, showcasing Foday Musa Suso’s brilliance as a kora player and composer, elevated by Bill Laswell’s visionary production and Herbie Hancock’s inspired contributions. Its six tracks offer a journey through the rhythms and melodies of Mande music, reimagined through a modern lens. While it may have been ahead of its time in 1984, the album’s fusion of acoustic and electronic elements has aged remarkably well, earning it a place as a classic in the African fusion canon.

For fans of world music, jazz, or experimental genres, Watto Sitta is a must-listen, offering a rich tapestry of sounds that transcend cultural and temporal boundaries. Its legacy lies in its ability to honor the past while pointing toward the future, a testament to the power of music to connect and innovate.

Lafayette Afro-Rock Band - 1974 - Malik

Lafayette Afro-Rock Band
1974 
Malik




01. Djungi    5:32
02. Raff    3:11
03. Conga    4:48
04. Avi-Vo    3:36
05. Malik    4:53
06. Darkest Light    6:15
07. Baba Hya    5:19

Bass – Lafayette Hudson
Drums – Donny Donable
Guitar – Larry Jones
Keyboards – Frank Abel
Percussion  – Keno Speller
Trumpet  – Ronnie Buttacavoli
Trumpet, Clarinet, Synthesizer – Arthur Young





Released in 1974 on America Records, Malik by the Lafayette Afro-Rock Band stands as a cornerstone of jazz-funk and Afrobeat, a vibrant testament to the cross-cultural currents of the early 1970s. The album, recorded by a group of seven musicians from Long Island, New York, who relocated to Paris, captures a unique moment where American funk collided with African rhythms and European production sensibilities. Though it didn’t achieve commercial success upon release, Malik has since been recognized as an underground classic, revered for its innovative fusion and its profound influence on hip-hop through widely sampled tracks like “Darkest Light.” This review explores the album’s historical context, musical composition, cultural significance, and enduring legacy, offering a deep dive into why Malik remains a touchstone for funk enthusiasts and music historians alike.

To fully appreciate Malik, one must understand the band’s journey and the era in which it was created. Originally formed as the Bobby Boyd Congress in Long Island, the group relocated to France in 1971, believing the U.S. funk scene was oversaturated. Paris, with its vibrant, multicultural music scene, particularly in the African-immigrant-heavy Barbès district, offered a fertile ground for experimentation. Under the guidance of producer Pierre Jaubert at Parisound studio, the band—initially known as Ice—evolved into the Lafayette Afro-Rock Band, adopting a name that reflected their fusion of American funk, rock, and African influences.

Their 1973 debut, Each Man Makes His Destiny, laid the groundwork, but it was their subsequent albums, Soul Makossa (released as Voodounon in the U.S.) and Malik, that solidified their reputation. Released in 1974, Malik arrived during a period of global musical cross-pollination. Funk was at its peak in the U.S., with acts like James Brown and Parliament-Funkadelic pushing rhythmic and sonic boundaries. Meanwhile, Afrobeat was gaining traction through pioneers like Fela Kuti, whose music fused African rhythms with jazz and funk. In Paris, the Lafayette Afro-Rock Band absorbed these influences, blending them with a European studio polish that gave Malik a distinct, cosmopolitan flavor.

The album’s creation was also shaped by Jaubert’s Motown-inspired work ethic, which emphasized rigorous rehearsals and tight ensemble playing. This discipline, combined with the band’s immersion in the African-dominated Barbès district, infused Malik with a raw, rhythmic vitality that set it apart from its American contemporaries.

Malik is a seven-track LP that clocks in at just over 30 minutes, yet its concise runtime belies its depth and complexity. The album seamlessly blends jazz-funk, Afrobeat, soul, and psychedelic rock, creating a sound that feels both grounded in tradition and forward-looking. Below is a track-by-track analysis, highlighting the album’s sonic diversity and standout moments.

1. Djungi (5:32)
The opening track, “Djungi,” sets the tone with its infectious groove and layered instrumentation. A driving bassline by Lafayette Hudson anchors the track, while Donny Donable’s precise drumming provides a relentless pulse. The interplay between Larry Jones’ funky guitar riffs and Frank Abel’s electric piano creates a hypnotic, danceable foundation. Horns, led by Arthur Young and Ronnie Buttacavoli, add a bright, jazzy flourish, while Keno Speller’s percussion injects African-inspired polyrhythms. The track’s extended instrumental passages showcase the band’s tight musicianship and their ability to build tension and release without relying on vocals. “Djungi” feels like a celebration of rhythm, setting the stage for the album’s exploration of cross-cultural sounds.

2. Raff (3:11)
“Raff” is a compact, upbeat track that leans heavily into funk with a touch of soul. Its concise structure and catchy melody make it one of the album’s most accessible songs. The guitar work here is particularly notable, with Jones delivering crisp, staccato riffs that dance around the rhythm section. The track’s brevity doesn’t detract from its impact; it’s a masterclass in economy, packing a punch with its vibrant energy and memorable hooks.

3. Conga (4:48)
As the title suggests, “Conga” dives deeper into Afrobeat influences, with Speller’s percussion taking center stage. The track’s rhythmic complexity, driven by congas and layered drum patterns, evokes the spirit of African dance music. The horns add a celebratory vibe, while the bass and guitar maintain a funky undercurrent. “Conga” is a standout for its ability to bridge African and American musical traditions, creating a sound that feels both primal and modern.

4. Avi-Vo (3:36)
“Avi-Vo” shifts gears with a more introspective, jazzy feel. The track features a slower tempo and a prominent electric piano line, giving it a dreamy, almost psychedelic quality. The interplay between the keyboards and horns creates a rich, textured soundscape, while the rhythm section keeps things grounded. This track showcases the band’s versatility, proving they could handle quieter, more reflective moments as deftly as their high-energy funk.

5. Malik (4:53)
The title track, “Malik,” is a bold, swaggering piece that encapsulates the album’s fusion of styles. Its mid-tempo groove, driven by Hudson’s funky bass and Abel’s swirling keys, creates a cinematic feel. The track’s arrangement is dynamic, with shifts in intensity that keep listeners engaged. The horns, layered over the rhythm section, add a regal quality, as if paying homage to the album’s titular figure. “Malik” is a microcosm of the album’s strengths: tight musicianship, inventive arrangements, and a fearless blend of genres.

6. Darkest Light (6:15)
Arguably the album’s crown jewel, “Darkest Light” is a haunting, soulful track that has become a sampling staple in hip-hop. Its iconic saxophone intro, played by Arthur Young, is both desolate and evocative, setting a moody tone. The track builds slowly, with a laid-back groove that allows each instrument to shine. The bass and drums lock into a hypnotic rhythm, while the guitar and keys add subtle flourishes. “Darkest Light” gained fame after being sampled by Public Enemy in “Show ‘Em Whatcha Got” (1988), and its influence extends to artists like Jay-Z and N2Deep. Its enduring appeal lies in its emotional depth and its ability to balance melancholy with groove.

7. Baba Hya (5:19)
Closing the album, “Baba Hya” is a high-energy funk workout that leaves listeners on a euphoric note. The track’s relentless rhythm, driven by Donable’s drums and Speller’s percussion, is complemented by blistering guitar work and soaring horns. It’s a fitting finale, encapsulating the band’s ability to blend raw energy with sophisticated musicianship. “Baba Hya” feels like a live jam, capturing the band at their most uninhibited.

The production on Malik, helmed by Pierre Jaubert, is a key factor in its distinct sound. Recorded at Parisound studio, the album benefits from a clean, polished aesthetic that contrasts with the rawer production of many American funk records of the era. Jaubert’s experience as a producer allowed the band to achieve a balanced mix, where each instrument is given space to breathe. The use of stereo panning, particularly on the horns and percussion, adds depth to the recordings, while the rhythm section remains crisp and punchy.

The album’s sound is also shaped by its African influences, absorbed from the Barbès district’s vibrant music scene. Tracks like “Conga” and “Djungi” incorporate polyrhythms and percussive textures that evoke African dance music, while the funk and jazz elements keep the album rooted in American traditions. This fusion, combined with the European studio polish, creates a sound that’s both timeless and ahead of its time.

While Malik didn’t achieve commercial success in 1974, its influence has grown exponentially over the decades. The album’s innovative blend of jazz-funk, Afrobeat, and soul made it a favorite among crate-diggers and producers in the hip-hop era. “Darkest Light,” in particular, became a sampling goldmine, with its saxophone intro and laid-back groove appearing in tracks by Public Enemy, Jay-Z, and others. This sampling legacy introduced Malik to new generations, cementing its status as a cult classic.

The album also reflects the broader cultural moment of the 1970s, a time when African diasporic music was gaining global prominence. The Lafayette Afro-Rock Band’s relocation to Paris and their immersion in the African community there mirrors the transatlantic exchange that defined much of the era’s music. By blending American funk with African rhythms, the band contributed to the evolution of Afrobeat and jazz-funk, influencing artists both in Europe and beyond.

Contemporary reviews of Malik are sparse, as the album flew under the radar upon release. However, retrospective reviews have been glowing. Dusty Groove describes it as “a fantastic bit of Afro funky soul,” praising its “incredible blend of American funk, African rhythms, and European production.” The album’s reissues, particularly the 2024 remastered edition by Strut Records, have been lauded for their fidelity to the original tapes, with The Carvery’s meticulous remastering preserving the album’s warmth and clarity.

Malik by the Lafayette Afro-Rock Band is a masterful fusion of jazz-funk, Afrobeat, and soul, a record that captures the spirit of a transformative era in music. Its blend of American groove, African rhythms, and European production creates a sound that’s both rooted and revolutionary. Tracks like “Darkest Light” and “Djungi” showcase the band’s ability to craft music that’s emotionally resonant and rhythmically compelling, while their disciplined musicianship and innovative arrangements elevate the album above its contemporaries.

Though it didn’t achieve commercial success in its time, Malik has found a lasting audience through its sampling legacy and reissues. It stands as a testament to the power of cross-cultural collaboration, reflecting the vibrant exchange of ideas that defined the 1970s. For fans of funk, Afrobeat, or hip-hop’s roots, Malik is essential listening—a hidden gem that continues to shine brightly.

Lafayette Afro-Rock Band - 1973 - Soul Makossa

Lafayette Afro-Rock Band 
1973 
Soul Makossa





01. Soul Makossa    4:55
02. Azeta    6:26
03. M.F. Grayson 4:33
04. Oglenon Mono    8:32
05. Hihache    6:59
06. Voodounon    5:06
07. Right Foot 4:49
08. Nicky "First One"    6:01

Bobby Boyd – Vocals, percussion
Frank Abel – Keyboards
Ronnie Buttacavoli – Trumpet, flugelhorn
Ernest “Donny” Donable – Drums
Lafayette Hudson – Bass
Arthur Young – Trumpet, percussion
Michael McEwan – Guitar
Keno Speller – Percussion
Kue “Ron” Young – Congas, percussion


Lafayette Afro-Rock Band, originally formed as the Bobby Boyd Congress in 1970 in Roosevelt, Long Island, New York, was an American funk band that would become a cult sensation for its innovative blend of funk, rock, and African rhythms. The group was named after its original vocalist, Bobby Boyd, and included guitarist Larry Jones, bassist Lafayette Hudson, keyboardist Frank Abel, horn players Ronnie James Buttacavoli and Arthur Young, drummer Ernest "Donny" Donable, and percussionists Keno Speller and Arthur Young (who also played horns). Finding the U.S. funk scene oversaturated, the band relocated to Paris, France, in 1971, a move that profoundly shaped their sound. After Bobby Boyd returned to the U.S., the remaining members briefly adopted the name Soul Congress before settling on Ice.

In Paris, the band performed regularly in the Barbès district, a vibrant hub of North African immigrants, which infused their music with African rhythms, chants, and textures. Their dynamic performances caught the attention of producer Pierre Jaubert, who made them the house session band at his Parisound studio. Under Jaubert’s guidance, they recorded their debut album, Each Man Makes His Destiny (1972), as Ice, a psychedelic funk exploration. In 1973, at Jaubert’s suggestion, they adopted the name Lafayette Afro-Rock Band to reflect their evolving Afro-funk sound. That year, they released Soul Makossa, featuring a cover of Manu Dibango’s hit and the iconic track Hihache, a breakbeat masterpiece later sampled by artists like Biz Markie, LL Cool J, and Wu-Tang Clan.

In 1974, with guitarist Michael McEwan replacing Larry Jones, the band released Malik, which included Darkest Light, a track with a haunting saxophone intro sampled by Public Enemy, Wreckx 'n' Effect, and others. Their music blended raw funk with jazz-rock improvisation and African percussion, creating a distinctive sound. In 1975, they backed jazz pianist Mal Waldron on his unreleased Candy Girl album and collaborated with bluesman Sunnyland Slim on Depression Blues. They also recorded under aliases like Crispy & Co. and Captain Dax, releasing tracks like the 1976 funky disco single Dr. Beezar, Soul Frankenstein in Japan.

The band reverted to the Ice moniker for albums like Frisco Disco (1976), Thumpin’ (1977), and Seven Americans in Paris (1977). They also recorded Afro Agban (1978), a jazz-rock-leaning instrumental album considered one of their finest works. By 1978, the members returned to the U.S. and disbanded, leaving behind a sparse but impactful discography. That same year, French label Superclasse released Afon: Ten Unreleased Afro Funk Recordings (1971–1974), credited to Lafayette Afro-Rock Band.

Despite limited recognition in the U.S. during their active years, Lafayette Afro-Rock Band became a cornerstone of funk and hip-hop culture due to their breakbeat-heavy tracks. Hihache and Darkest Light became sampling goldmines for artists like Public Enemy, Jay-Z, and De La Soul. The 1999 compilation Darkest Light: The Best of Lafayette Afro Rock Band and the 2016 Afro Funk Explosion! (credited to Lafayette Afro-Rock Band vs. Ice) rekindled interest, cementing their status as funk pioneers. Their work remains a treasure for vinyl collectors and sample hunters, with reissues by Strut Records and others keeping their legacy alive.

Lafayette Afro-Rock Band’s Soul Makossa, released in 1973, is a cornerstone of funk and Afrobeat that has aged into a cult classic, revered for its infectious grooves and influential breakbeats. Recorded in Paris and New York under the guidance of producer Pierre Jaubert, the album showcases the band’s unique fusion of American funk, African rhythms, and rock elements, a sound shaped by their relocation to Paris’ vibrant Barbès district.

The album’s seven tracks—Soul Makossa, Azeta, Oglenon, Voodounon, Hihache, Nicky, and M.F. Grayson (included in some reissues)—deliver a raw, dense, and unapologetic funk experience. The title track, a cover of Manu Dibango’s international hit, is often cited as the weakest link, lacking the spark of the original. However, the band’s original compositions shine. Hihache is the standout, its iconic opening breakbeat becoming one of the most sampled tracks in hip-hop, used by artists like Biz Markie, LL Cool J, A Tribe Called Quest, and even *N Sync. Voodounon and Nicky also impress with their intricate rhythms and contagious energy, blending jazz-based improvisation with Afro-funk grooves.

Critics and collectors praise Soul Makossa for its heavy, no-compromise sound. AllMusic calls it a “raw funk gem,” highlighting its significance in funk history, while Aquarium Drunkard notes how the band’s immersion in Paris’ African community enriched their sound with unique percussive elements. The album’s influence on hip-hop is undeniable, with tracks like Hihache and later Darkest Light (from their 1975 album Malik) providing foundational samples for artists like Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan.

Recent reissues, particularly the 2021 Strut Records remaster from the original tapes by The Carvery, have been well-received for their clarity and robust bass, though some listeners note the album’s lo-fi roots can result in slight distortion in louder sections. The 1974 “African Music Today” reissue is said to sound slightly more vibrant, but the Strut version is considered superior to earlier pressings like the Vinyl Me, Please edition. Amazon reviews reflect enthusiasm, with fans calling it a “must-have for funk aficionados” and a “solid dance and melo groove album,” though some mention minor issues with cover durability.

Despite its limited popularity in the U.S. during its initial release, Soul Makossa has cemented Lafayette Afro-Rock Band’s legacy as a funk powerhouse. Its blend of gritty funk, African percussion, and rock-infused energy makes it a timeless listen for fans of the genre and a treasure trove for sample hunters. Highly recommended for those seeking a deep dive into 1970s funk with a global edge.


Thursday, August 21, 2025

Kenny Cox - 1974 - Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise

Kenny Cox
1974
Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise




01. Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise 7:25
02. Samba de Romance 5:21
03. Island Song 9:12
04. Lost My Love 4:26
05. Beyond The Dream 13:22

Guitars, Bass Guitar – Ron English
Backing Vocals – Fito Foster
Drums – Victor Reeves
Drums, Percussion – Ronald Johnsons
Electric Guitar – Skeets Curry (tracks: A1)
Soprano Saxophone, Flute – Buzz Jones
Vocals – Ursula Walker
Keyboards - Kenny cox

Recorded May-June 1974 and February-March 1975 at STRATA SOUND STUDIOS, 45 Seldon, Detroit.



Kenny Cox, a Detroit-based jazz pianist and keyboardist, was a key figure in the city's vibrant jazz scene during the 1960s and 1970s. He founded the independent label Strata Records in 1969, which included a recording studio and concert gallery, aiming for creative and financial autonomy for Afro-American musicians away from major industry players. Strata released several albums before folding in 1975, inspiring similar ventures like Strata-East in New York. "Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise" was recorded between May-June 1974 and February-March 1975 at Strata Sound Studios in Detroit but remained unreleased until 2012, when DJ Amir (of Kon & Amir) acquired the catalog rights and issued it via his 180 Proof Records label. The 2013 vinyl release was a limited-edition remaster (1,000 numbered copies on 180-gram vinyl in a gatefold jacket), marking it as a "lost" gem excavated after nearly 40 years.

The album draws heavily from Latin and Caribbean influences, reflecting Cox's fascination with regions he had never visited, emphasizing themes of joy, vigor, and living in the moment. Cox handles Fender Rhodes, Hohner D6 Clavinet, Mellotron, and ARP Odyssey synthesizer, creating a blend of jazz, Latin rhythms, and spacey, futuristic elements. Supporting musicians include Ursula Walker on vocals, Ronald Johnson and Nengue Hernandez on percussion, Buzz Jones on soprano sax, and Charles Moore on flugelhorn. The sound evokes a summery, feel-good vibe, with laid-back grooves that wash over the listener, incorporating bossa nova, salsa, and spiritual jazz touches reminiscent of artists like Herbie Hancock, Chick Corea, and Flora Purim.

"Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise" is a five-track album spread across a double-LP format, totaling around 40 minutes. It embodies a "joyful noise" through its warm, inviting production—think bottled sunshine with effortless musicianship that feels timeless, as if recorded yesterday despite its 1970s origins. The style merges post-bop jazz with Latin percussion, funky horns, and electronic experimentation, creating a mellow yet vibrant exploration of grooves. Influences range from Brazilian bossa (e.g., Bebeto's self-titled debut) to cosmic spiritual jazz (e.g., Pharoah Sanders) and fusion (e.g., Return to Forever-era Chick Corea or George Duke). The album's nonchalance sets a tone of dreamy strings at walking speed, interspersed with furious Rhodes and horn solos, making it a rare groove artifact that prioritizes healing and positivity over aggression.

Cox's liner notes highlight the music's inspiration from Caribbean and Latin cultures, permeated with a vigor declaring "Life’s best moment is today." This manifests in light, breezy arrangements that prioritize space and synergy among players, resulting in loose, relaxed tracks that shimmy with understated dexterity. The production, remastered digitally for the 2013 release, preserves the analog warmth while enhancing clarity.


The tracks are sequenced to build a cohesive, sun-drenched narrative, starting with upbeat joy and evolving into introspective depth. Here's a breakdown:

Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise (7:25)
The opener sets a perfect tone with tinkling keys riding a loping bassline, bubbling sea sounds underneath, evoking a beachside reverie—sun-blinded and surf-ready. Percussion by Johnson and Hernandez adds rhythmic vitality, while Ursula Walker's light, breezy vocals emerge around the five-minute mark, jazzifying salsa elements. It's pure joy, reminiscent of Stanley Turrentine's "Storm," with a nonchalant warmth that fades out like rolling waves. This track encapsulates the album's healing ethos, bottled sunshine in musical form.

Samba de Romance (5:21)
Continuing the Latin theme, acoustic guitar licks tumble alongside keys, with spacey synth pads floating ethereally and a pulsing bottom end driving the melody. It bridges jazz and late-60s space-age sounds via quirky string arrangements and a pulsating Rhodes solo. The bossa-inspired groove recalls bucolic Brazilian classics, effortlessly summery and inviting.

Island Song (9:12)
This mid-album highlight breaks out flugelhorn (Charles Moore) for fiercely funky blowing, with rattling percussion creating a mellow exploration of shapes and shimmies. It delves into salsa mode with great horn solos, including Buzz Jones on soprano sax, before Rhodes takes center stage. The players vibe loosely, kicking back in an effortlessly funky, timeless manner—feel-good music at its core.

Lost My Love (4:26)
A lighter bossa groove with exotic chords echoing standards like "Save Your Love For Me" or "Feel Like Makin’ Love." Cox's multi-keyboard work shines, and a 2022 remix by DJ Amir and Re.Decay updates it with disco drums and hip keys while staying true to the original's effortless charm. It's concise yet evocative, blending nostalgia with forward-thinking production.

Beyond The Dream (13:22)
The epic closer, written by Maria Martin, starts introspectively with Flora Purim-like vocals mixed into cosmic spirituals (Pharoah Sanders vibes), before exploding into carnevalesque energy. It equals Chick Corea's fusion intensity and Herbie Hancock/George Duke arrangements, with a vocal flourish proclaiming "love is for you and me." Meditative at first, it builds to a triumphant, life-affirming climax—love as the ultimate message.


Critics hail "Clap Clap! The Joyful Noise" as an unmissable rarity, a rough diamond unearthed from the rare-groove mine, destined for countless collections. It's praised for its timeless appeal, blending warmth and dexterity into an antidote to negativity—music that heals with love, laughter, and groove. Not just for Rhodes enthusiasts, its luxury reissue format elevates it as a collector's item, with Latin vigor making it essential for jazz-fusion fans.

On social media, the album sees niche appreciation, with French radio station FIP frequently playing tracks like "Lost My Love" and "Samba de Romance" in 2023, indicating ongoing airplay. Listeners spin it alongside electronic soul compilations, underscoring its eclectic vibe. Overall, it's celebrated as a holy trinity of groove (Cox, Amir, and reissue labels), a beautiful testament to joy in turbulent times.

In summary, this album is a masterful, overlooked fusion of jazz and Latin soul—timeless, uplifting, and richly deserving of its rediscovery. If you're into spiritual jazz or rare grooves, it's a must-listen that rewards repeated plays with its subtle depths and infectious positivity.

Almendra - 1968 - Amendra

Almendra
1968
Amendra



01. Muchacha (Ojos De Papel)
02. Color Humano
03. Figuración
04. Ana No Duerme
05. Fermín
06. Plegaria Para Un Niño Dormido
07. A Estos Hombres Tristes
08. Que El Viento Borró Tus Manos
09. Laura Va

Bass, Flute, Vocals – Emilio
Drums, Piano, Vocals – Rodolfo
Guitar, Organ, Vocals – Edelmiro
Organ – Santiago Giacobbe (tracks: A4)
Vocals, Guitar, Harmonica – Luis Alberto



The Nutty Saga of Almendra: Argentina’s Rock Pioneers

Picture Buenos Aires in the late 1960s: mate flowing, tango in the air, and a bunch of shaggy-haired teens deciding to rewrite the rules of rock. Enter Almendra, the band that cracked open the Argentine rock nacional scene like a walnut under a sledgehammer. Formed in 1967, this quartet—Luis Alberto Spinetta, Edelmiro Molinari, Emilio Del Guercio, and Rodolfo García—became the poster boys for a generation of dreamers, poets, and kids who wanted to stick it to the man with guitars instead of protest signs. From their Belgrano beginnings to their status as Argentina’s rock royalty, complete with the chaos, camaraderie, and occasional mate-fueled meltdowns that made them legends.

The Origin Story: Kids from Belgrano with Big Dreams

Almendra sprouted in 1967 in the leafy, middle-class neighborhood of Belgrano, Buenos Aires, where teenagers were more likely to be found sipping mate than staging revolutions. Luis Alberto Spinetta, a skinny, bookish 17-year-old with a poet’s soul, was the ringleader. He’d been messing around in school bands like Los Larkins and Los Sbirros, covering Beatles and Stones tunes, but he wanted something more—something that screamed “Buenos Aires” instead of “Liverpool.” Enter his childhood pals: Emilio Del Guercio, the bassist with a knack for melody; Rodolfo García, the drummer who kept things steady; and Edelmiro Molinari, the guitarist whose solos could make your hair stand up like a startled guanaco.

The four bonded over a shared love of music, literature, and a vague sense that the world was theirs to conquer. They named the band Almendra (Spanish for “almond”) after a line from a poem Spinetta misheard, which is peak teenage logic—pick a name that sounds cool, even if it’s a bit nutty. By 1967, Argentina’s rock scene was a fledgling thing, dominated by cover bands and English lyrics. Almendra said, “Nah, let’s sing in Spanish about our lives,” and thus began their quest to make rock as porteño as a milanesa sandwich.

The Rise: From Garage Jams to Rock Nacional Pioneers

Almendra’s early days were pure DIY chaos. They rehearsed in basements, borrowed gear, and played gigs at school dances and local dives, where half the audience was probably just there for the empanadas. Their big break came in 1968 when they landed a deal with RCA Vik, thanks to producer Ricardo Kleinman, who saw potential in their weird mix of folk, rock, tango, and psychedelia. Their debut single, “Tema de Pototo (Para saber cómo es la soledad),” dropped in June 1968, a moody ballad that hit the charts and made Buenos Aires teens swoon. It was like Spinetta was singing directly to their angsty souls.

Their self-titled debut album, Almendra (November 1968), was a game-changer. With tracks like “Muchacha (ojos de papel)” and “Color humano,” it blended poetic lyrics with melodies that were both delicate and explosive. The album’s iconic cover—a crying man with a toy arrow through his head, drawn by Spinetta—was so bizarre it made record store clerks double-take. Recorded in RCA’s studios with minimal gear (think tinny mics and amps that buzzed like angry bees), the album captured the band’s raw energy. It sold modestly at first—around 10,000 copies—but its influence was seismic, earning them a cult following and the title of rock nacional’s founding fathers.

By 1969, Almendra was playing bigger venues, like the Instituto Di Tella and early rock festivals, where Spinetta’s intense stage presence and Molinari’s wild solos turned heads. They were the coolest kids in Buenos Aires, but cracks were forming. Spinetta’s perfectionism clashed with Molinari’s free-spirited vibe, and the band’s relentless schedule—gigs, rehearsals, and the pressure to top their debut—started to feel like a mate overdose.

The Breakup: When the Nut Cracked

By 1970, Almendra was falling apart faster than a poorly rolled empanada. Spinetta, ever the restless artist, wanted to push the band into weirder, more experimental territory, while Molinari leaned toward heavier, bluesier sounds. Del Guercio and García were caught in the middle, probably wishing they could just play mate pong and call it a day. The band’s second album, Almendra II (1970), a double LP, was a sprawling mess of brilliance and chaos, with tracks like “Rutas argentinas” showing their ambition but also their fraying unity. Tensions boiled over during a disastrous tour, and in September 1970, Almendra split up, leaving fans crying into their mate gourds.

Post-breakup, each member took their own path, like rock star Avengers scattering after a mission. Spinetta went soul-searching in Brazil, Europe, and the US, then formed Pescado Rabioso, a grittier outfit that gave us Artaud (1973). Molinari launched Color Humano, channeling his guitar wizardry into psychedelic rock. Del Guercio and García teamed up with other projects, including Aquelarre, before reuniting with Spinetta for later ventures. The breakup was messy, but it birthed a new wave of Argentine bands, proving Almendra’s influence was bigger than their short lifespan.

The Reunion: Nutty Nostalgia

Fast-forward to 1979, when nostalgia hit Buenos Aires like a wave of dulce de leche. Almendra reunited for a series of concerts, including a legendary show at Obras Sanitarias, where 30,000 fans packed in to hear “Muchacha” live. The reunion album, El Valle Interior (1980), was a solid effort but lacked the debut’s magic—think of it as a sequel that’s fun but not Star Wars level. The band toured briefly, but old tensions resurfaced, and they split again in 1981. Still, those reunion gigs cemented their legend, with  fans recalling how their parents wept during “Plegaria para un niño dormido.”

The Members: Biographies with a Wink

Let’s meet the nutty quartet who made Almendra a household name in Argentina.

Luis Alberto Spinetta (vocals, guitar, songwriting, resident genius): Born January 23, 1950, “El Flaco” was the skinny poet who dreamed bigger than a Buenos Aires skyline. Raised in Belgrano, he was a bookworm obsessed with Rimbaud, Van Gogh, and The Beatles. By 15, he was writing songs that made his teachers wonder if he was okay. Almendra was his first big canvas, but his restless spirit led to Pescado Rabioso, Invisible, Spinetta Jade, and a solo career that spanned decades. Known for his cryptic lyrics and soulful voice, Spinetta was Argentina’s rock shaman until his death in 2012. Picture him as a guy who’d write a masterpiece on a napkin, then lose it in a mate spill. Fun fact: He once painted a mural on his bedroom wall, probably while humming “Muchacha.”

Edelmiro Molinari (guitar, vocals, shredder supreme): Born in 1947, Molinari was the band’s secret weapon, a guitarist whose solos could make a tango dancer jealous. Raised in Buenos Aires, he brought a raw, psychedelic edge to Almendra, especially on tracks like “Color humano.” After the breakup, he formed Color Humano, then moved to the US in the 1980s, where he kept a lower profile, jamming in obscurity like a rock star hermit. Think of him as the guy who’d show up to rehearsals with a new riff and a mischievous grin. Anecdote: During one session, he reportedly cranked his amp so loud it blew out a studio speaker, earning a scolding from the engineer and a high-five from Spinetta.

Emilio Del Guercio (bass, vocals, mate enthusiast): Born in 1950, Emilio was Spinetta’s childhood buddy, a bassist with a knack for melodic lines that grounded Almendra’s wilder moments. His soft-spoken demeanor and folk sensibility made him the band’s glue, though he probably spent half his time refereeing Spinetta and Molinari. Post-Almendra, he joined Pescado Rabioso for Artaud and pursued solo work, always with a mate gourd in hand. He’s like the bassist who’d bring homemade alfajores to rehearsals to keep everyone chill. Anecdote: Emilio once got lost on the way to a gig, arriving just in time to plug in and play, claiming he was “following the rhythm of the city.”

Rodolfo García (drums, percussion, steady hand): Born in 1946, Rodolfo was the oldest and the band’s anchor, keeping time while the others spiraled into psychedelic chaos. A Belgrano native, he was a jazz enthusiast whose drumming added swing to Almendra’s folk-rock. After the breakup, he played with Spinetta in Pescado Rabioso and Invisible, and later Tantor, becoming a rock nacional mainstay. Picture him as the drummer who’d calmly tap out a beat while the band argued over who ate the last empanada. Anecdote: During a 1969 gig, Rodolfo’s drum kit collapsed mid-song, but he kept playing on the floor tom like nothing happened, earning cheers from the crowd.

Legacy: The Almond That Keeps on Giving

Almendra’s impact on Argentina is like mate to a porteño—essential, ubiquitous, and a little addictive. Their debut album is ranked among the greatest in rock nacional, with “Muchacha (ojos de papel)” practically a second national anthem. They inspired bands like Manal, Los Gatos, and later Soda Stereo, proving you could sing in Spanish and still rock the world. Fans gush about Almendra as “the soul of Buenos Aires,” with one joking, “I played Almendra for my dog, and now he’s writing poetry.” The band’s influence lives on in covers, tributes, and every Argentine kid who picks up a guitar dreaming of being Spinetta. Their reunion shows in 1979–80 are still the stuff of legend, with grainy bootlegs traded like rare Pokémon cards.

Almendra was more than a band—they were a revolution in bell-bottoms, a group of Belgrano kids who turned Argentine rock into an art form. From their scrappy beginnings to their iconic debut, they proved that passion, poetry, and a touch of chaos could change the game. Spinetta’s genius, Molinari’s riffs, Del Guercio’s grooves, and García’s beats created a sound that’s still fresh over 50 years later. They broke up too soon, but their legacy is as enduring as a well-brewed mate. So raise a gourd to Almendra, the nutty quartet who showed Argentina how to rock, dream, and maybe cry a little—snotty album cover and all.



A Deep Dive into Almendra’s 1968 Debut Almendra: The Nut That Started It All

Gather ‘round, rock fans, for a journey back to 1968, when Buenos Aires was buzzing with mate, rebellion, and a band called Almendra, whose self-titled debut album cracked open the shell of Argentine rock nacional like a well-aimed hammer. This isn’t just an album—it’s a cultural cornerstone, a psychedelic folk-rock gem that’s equal parts poetic, quirky, and “did they really record this in a garage?” With a light sprinkle of humor, let’s dig into the album, the band members’ backstories, its monumental legacy in Argentina, and some juicy anecdotes about its creation that’ll make you wish you were a fly on the studio wall.

Released in November 1968 on RCA Vik (and later repressed in 1969 on RCA Victor), Almendra is the debut album by the Buenos Aires quartet of Luis Alberto Spinetta, Edelmiro Molinari, Emilio Del Guercio, and Rodolfo García. It’s a 40-minute trip through nine tracks that blend folk, rock, tango, jazz, and a dash of “what the heck is going on here?” It’s like if The Beatles, Bob Dylan, and a street band from San Telmo got stuck in a blender with a mate gourd. Recorded in the nascent days of Argentine rock, when the genre was still shaking off its British Invasion covers, Almendra dared to be original, singing in Spanish about local life with a poetic flair that made teenagers swoon and parents scratch their heads.

The album’s vibe is a mix of youthful idealism and existential musing, wrapped in melodies so catchy they should come with a warning label. The iconic cover art—a teary-eyed, snot-dripping man with a toy arrow through his head, designed by Spinetta himself—is peak 1960s weirdness. It’s like the album is saying, “Welcome to my heart, but watch out for the absurdity.” Let’s break down the tracks and see why this nutty record still resonates.

Track-by-Track Breakdown

“Muchacha (ojos de papel)” (3:05): The crown jewel, a tender folk ballad about a girl with paper eyes. Spinetta’s delicate vocals and acoustic strumming are so heart-melting, it’s practically a national anthem for hopeless romantics. Muchacha was written by Spinetta in a single night, inspired by his girlfriend Cristina Bustamante. He scribbled the lyrics on a napkin while sipping mate at a café, and the band nailed it in one take. Emilio later joked, “Luis wrote it faster than it takes me to tune my bass.”Legend has it, this song alone caused a spike in Buenos Aires’ tissue sales.

“Figuración” (3:29): A jazzy, upbeat track with surreal lyrics about dreaming and reality. It’s like Spinetta read a philosophy book, got confused, and wrote a banger instead. The band’s tight interplay shines here, with Molinari’s guitar adding a zesty edge.

“Ana no duerme” (2:47): A psychedelic romp about a sleepless girl, complete with trippy guitar riffs and a rhythm section that feels like it’s running on pure espresso. It’s the kind of song you’d dance to at a 1960s Buenos Aires dive bar, if dive bars had existential crises.

“Fermin” (3:19): A whimsical tale of a character named Fermin, with a melody that’s half lullaby, half tango. It’s quirky, charming, and proof that Spinetta could make even a random dude’s story sound profound.

“Plegaria para un niño dormido” (4:04): A haunting lullaby with a spiritual undertone, this one’s like a warm hug from a poet who’s secretly worried about the universe. The flute and gentle percussion make it feel like a dream you don’t want to wake up from.

“A estos hombres tristes” (6:00): A sprawling, melancholic epic that’s part folk, part prog. It’s Spinetta at his most introspective, singing about sad men with a weight that suggests he’s seen some things. The band stretches out here, showing they could jam with the best of them.

“Color humano” (9:09): Molinari’s moment to shine, this nearly ten-minute track is a psychedelic beast with driving rhythms and searing guitar solos. It’s like the band said, “Let’s go full Pink Floyd, but make it Argentine.” A fan favorite for air-guitar enthusiasts.

“Laura va” (2:36): A bittersweet goodbye to a girl named Laura, with a melody so fragile it feels like it might break. It’s Spinetta at his most vulnerable, and you can almost hear the porteño sunset in the chords.

“El mundo entre las manos” (2:51): The closer is a hopeful, upbeat track about holding the world in your hands. It’s the musical equivalent of a pep talk from your coolest friend, with a catchy chorus that sticks like mate stains on a gourd.


The production, handled by RCA’s team, is raw and unpolished, which only adds to the album’s charm. It’s not perfect—some tracks sound like they were recorded in a broom closet—but that DIY spirit captures the band’s youthful energy. Almendra is a snapshot of a band figuring itself out while accidentally creating a masterpiece.

The Cover Art: Spinetta, ever the artist, insisted on designing the album cover himself. His vision? A crying man with a toy arrow through his head, dripping snot. RCA executives reportedly looked at it and said, “Uh, Luis, are you sure?” But Spinetta stood his ground, and the bizarre image became iconic. Rumor has it, the band spent hours debating whether the snot was “too much” (spoiler: it wasn’t).

In Argentina, Almendra isn’t just an album—it’s the Big Bang of rock nacional, the moment Argentine musicians realized they could sing in Spanish, tell local stories, and still rock harder than a gaucho on a wild horse. Its legacy is as towering as the Obelisk in Buenos Aires, and here’s why.

Released during a time when Argentina was under military rule and rock was seen as a rebellious import, Almendra proved that local kids could create world-class music. Its Spanish lyrics, rooted in porteño life, gave voice to a generation craving identity. Songs like “Muchacha” became anthems, played at every Buenos Aires gathering from hippie communes to family asados. It’s like the album said, “Move over, Beatles—Argentina’s got this.”

Almendra is consistently ranked among the greatest Argentine albums. Rolling Stone Argentina and other outlets place it in their top five, and on Rate Your Music, it’s a fan favorite with a 4.1/5 rating. Critics praise its blend of innocence and sophistication, calling it “the sound of Buenos Aires dreaming.” Even today, it’s the album you play to impress your cool Argentine uncle.

Almendra paved the way for bands like Manal, Los Gatos, and later Soda Stereo, showing that Argentine rock could be poetic, eclectic, and distinctly local. Spinetta’s later work with Pescado Rabioso and Invisible built on this foundation, but Almendra was the spark. It’s like the album handed a megaphone to every aspiring rocker in Buenos Aires.

Almendra’s 1968–69 shows, like their performances at the Instituto Di Tella and early rock festivals, were electric. Fans recall Spinetta’s intense stage presence and Molinari’s wild solos, with one X user sharing a story of their dad sneaking into a show at 16, only to be blown away by “Color humano.” The band’s breakup in 1970, followed by a 1979 reunion, only added to the mythos, with bootlegs from those early gigs traded like sacred relics.

Fans call Almendra “the soul of Argentine rock” and “Spinetta’s first love letter to the world.” Covers of “Muchacha” by everyone from Mercedes Sosa to indie bands keep it alive, and its influence echoes in modern acts like El Mató a un Policía Motorizado. One X post summed it up: “Almendra is why I learned guitar instead of accounting.”

Almendra is a beautiful, nutty masterpiece that captures the heart of 1960s Buenos Aires—dreamy, rebellious, and a little unhinged. It’s not flawless; the production can be rough, and some tracks, like “Fermin,” might make you wonder if Spinetta was just messing with you. But the highs—“Muchacha,” “Plegaria,” “Color humano”—are pure magic, blending folk, rock, and tango into a sound that’s both universal and unmistakably Argentine. The album’s creation was a chaotic labor of love, born from 
teenage passion and a knack for breaking rules. In Argentina, it’s more than music—it’s a cultural touchstone, a reminder that a bunch of kids from Belgrano could change the game forever. So grab a copy (watch out for that snotty cover), sip some mate, and let Almendra take you back to a time when rock was young and Buenos Aires was dreaming big.


The Skinny Legend: A Biography of Luis Alberto Spinetta, Argentina’s Rock Poet.

If Argentina’s rock nacional scene were a solar system, Luis Alberto Spinetta would be the sun—radiant, slightly mysterious, and impossible to ignore. Known as “El Flaco” (The Skinny One), Spinetta was a poet, guitarist, and visionary who didn’t just make music—he rewrote the rulebook for what rock could be in Argentina, all while looking like he survived on mate and existential musings. From his teenage days with Almendra to his genre-hopping solo career, Spinetta’s life was a wild ride of creativity, heartbreak, and enough albums to fill a Buenos Aires record store. Here’s an extended biography of the man who turned rock into poetry, with a sprinkle of humor to keep it as lively as a Spinetta guitar riff.

Early Days: The Skinny Kid from Belgrano

Born January 23, 1950, in Buenos Aires’ Belgrano neighborhood, Luis Alberto Spinetta was the kind of kid who’d rather scribble poetry than kick a soccer ball—though, being Argentine, he probably did both. Raised in a middle-class family, his dad was a tango singer, which explains why Luis had music in his veins and a knack for dramatic flair. As a teen, he was a bookworm, devouring Rimbaud, Van Gogh’s letters, and Antonin Artaud’s surrealist rants, all while listening to The Beatles, Dylan, and whatever jazz records he could snag. Picture young Luis as a skinny dreamer with a mop of hair, strumming a guitar in his bedroom while plotting to revolutionize Argentine music.

By 15, Spinetta was already forming bands like Los Larkins and Los Sbirros, playing covers at school dances and dreaming of something bigger. He’d scribble lyrics on napkins, lose them in mate spills, and charm his mates with his quiet intensity. In 1967, at the ripe age of 17, he teamed up with pals Emilio Del Guercio, Rodolfo García, and Edelmiro Molinari to form Almendra, named after a misheard line from a poem (because why pick a normal band name?). This was no garage band—it was the spark that ignited rock nacional, and Spinetta was the match.

Almendra: The Nutty Beginning (1967–1970)

Almendra was Spinetta’s first love, a band that blended folk, rock, tango, and psychedelia into something distinctly Argentine. Their 1968 debut single, “Tema de Pototo,” was a hit, and their self-titled album, Almendra (1968), was a revelation, with tracks like “Muchacha (ojos de papel)” making Buenos Aires teens weep into their mate gourds. Spinetta, barely 18, wrote songs so poetic they made his teachers wonder if he was secretly a 40-year-old philosopher. He also drew the album’s iconic cover—a crying man with a toy arrow through his head—because, apparently, snotty surrealism was his vibe.

But being a teenage rock star isn’t all empanadas and applause. By 1970, Almendra was cracking under the pressure of Spinetta’s perfectionism and clashing egos. Their second album, Almendra II (1970), was a sprawling double LP that showed their ambition but also their fraying bonds. Spinetta wanted to go artsier, Molinari wanted to rock harder, and the band split faster than you can say “mate amargo.” Luis, undeterred, took a soul-searching trip through Brazil, Europe, and the US, probably writing lyrics on every café napkin he could find.

Pescado Rabioso: The Raw and Rowdy Years (1971–1973)

Back in Buenos Aires, Spinetta wasn’t about to sit around moping. In 1971, he formed Pescado Rabioso, a grittier, bluesier outfit with Black Amaya on drums and Osvaldo “Bocón” Frascino on bass (later joined by David Lebón and Carlos Cutaia). This was Spinetta channeling his inner rock beast, trading Almendra’s dreamy folk for raw riffs and existential howls. Their debut, Desatormentándonos (1972), was like a punch to the face of Argentina’s military dictatorship, and Pescado 2 (1973) doubled down with sprawling jams.

But Pescado was as stable as a house of cards in a Buenos Aires windstorm. By 1973, the band imploded, leaving Spinetta to record Artaud (1973), a solo masterpiece disguised as a Pescado album. Inspired by Antonin Artaud’s surrealist writings, Artaud was a poetic, acoustic fever dream with tracks like “Cantata de puentes amarillos” and “Todas las hojas son del viento.” Its weird, irregularly shaped sleeve was Spinetta’s way of saying, “Good luck shelving this, conformists.” Artaud is now considered the holy grail of Argentine rock, but back then, it confused as many fans as it converted.

Invisible: The Prog-Rock Wizard Phase (1973–1977)

Never one to stay still, Spinetta formed Invisible in 1973 with Héctor “Pomo” Lorenzo on drums and Carlos “Machi” Rufino on bass. This was his prog-rock era, complete with jazzy flourishes and lyrics that made you wonder if he was secretly a wizard. Albums like Invisible (1974), Durazno sangrando (1975), and El jardín de los presentes (1976) were masterpieces of layered instrumentation and poetic depth. Tracks like “Durazno sangrando” (about a bleeding peach, because why not?) blended rock with tango and folklore, proving Spinetta could make anything sound profound.

Invisible’s live shows were legendary, with Spinetta’s intense stage presence and the band’s tight jams drawing crowds despite Argentina’s growing political turmoil. But by 1977, Spinetta’s restless spirit struck again, and Invisible disbanded. Rumor has it, he broke up the band because he wanted to write songs about clouds next, and who can argue with that?

Spinetta Jade and Beyond: The Chameleon Years (1977–1985)

In 1980, Spinetta launched Spinetta Jade, a jazz-rock fusion project that was like Invisible on a mate-fueled sugar high. With rotating members like Diego Rapoport and Juan del Barrio, albums like Alma de diamante (1980) and Bajo Belgrano (1983) were slicker and more experimental, blending synths, jazz, and Spinetta’s signature poetry. He also released solo albums like Only Love Can Sustain (1980), recorded in English in the US, which was his attempt to go international but ended up sounding like a love letter to Buenos Aires anyway.

This period was Spinetta’s chameleon phase, hopping between genres like a kid in a candy store. He reunited with Almendra for a nostalgic 1979–80 run, producing El Valle Interior (1980), and collaborated with Charly García in Seru Giran’s early days. He was everywhere, like a musical mate gourd passed around at an asado. But the 1980s also brought personal struggles—divorces, financial woes, and the pressure of being Argentina’s rock messiah. Still, Spinetta kept creating, because stopping wasn’t in his DNA.

The Later Years: Rock’s Elder Statesman (1985–2012)

By the late 1980s, Spinetta was a living legend, though he’d probably roll his eyes at the title. Albums like Privé (1986) and Téster de violencia (1988) tackled Argentina’s post-dictatorship angst with raw emotion, while Pelusón of milk (1991) was a tender nod to his kids. His 1990s and 2000s output, like Los ojos (1999) and Para los árboles (2003), showed him embracing electronic sounds and folk, always evolving like a musical shapeshifter.

Spinetta’s live shows remained electric, from massive Buenos Aires gigs to intimate club sets. His 2008 album Un mañana was a late-career gem, and his 2009 marathon concert, “Spinetta y las Bandas Eternas,” saw him reunite with Almendra, Pescado, and Invisible for a five-hour love fest that left fans crying harder than the Almendra album cover. The show is still referred to as “the night Buenos Aires stopped to worship Flaco.”



Spinetta was as human as he was genius. He married Patricia Salazar in 1976, had four kids (Dante, Catarina, Valentino, and Vera), and later separated, though he remained a devoted dad. His love for mate, literature, and painting (he once muraled his bedroom) kept him grounded, even as fame tried to sweep him away. He was famously shy, dodging interviews like they were tax collectors, but could talk for hours about Artaud or Van Gogh. Health issues plagued him later—lung cancer took him on February 8, 2012, at 62.

Spinetta’s legacy is Argentina itself. He didn’t just create rock nacional—he gave it a soul, blending tango, folklore, and poetry into a sound that was both universal and unmistakably porteño. His discography—over 40 albums across Almendra, Pescado Rabioso, Invisible, Spinetta Jade, and solo work—is a treasure trove fans still mine. X users call him “the father of our music,” with one joking, “I played Spinetta at my wedding, and even my grandma cried.” Songs like “Muchacha,” “Cantata de puentes amarillos,” and “Seguir viviendo sin tu amor” are woven into Argentina’s cultural fabric, covered by everyone from Soda Stereo to street buskers.

His influence spans generations, inspiring bands like Divididos and La Renga, and his manifesto, Rock: Música dura, la suicidada por la sociedad (1973), is still quoted by music nerds. The 2015 Artaud vinyl reissue outsold The Beatles in Argentina, and his Buenos Aires statue is a pilgrimage site for fans. Spinetta wasn’t just a musician—he was a poet who made Argentina dream bigger, cry harder, and rock louder.

Luis Alberto Spinetta was a skinny kid from Belgrano who became Argentina’s rock shaman, turning mate-fueled musings into songs that broke hearts and borders. From Almendra’s dreamy folk to Artaud’s surreal poetry, Invisible’s prog wizardry to Spinetta Jade’s jazzy experiments, he never stopped reinventing himself. He was a poet, a painter, a dreamer who’d write a masterpiece then lose it in a mate spill. His life was a testament to art’s power to defy dictators, inspire kids, and make even the toughest porteño shed a tear. So raise a gourd to El Flaco, the man who proved you could rock the world while staying true to Buenos Aires’ soul.